What is an emergency responder?
Without lifeguards, there should be designated on-call competent staff to respond and deal with any pool emergency (HSG179, para 113). Emergency responders may undertake non-supervisory ...
GUIDANCE
What is "pool occupancy"?
Pool occupancy is how many people are permitted to be in the pool water at any time. Sometimes pool occupancy can include those in the pool water and in the pool surround. We refer to this as pool hall occupancy....
ARTICLE
About Corporate Manslaughter
Prior to the 6th of April 2008 in the UK, it was possible for a company to be prosecuted for a wide range of criminal offences, including gross negligence manslaughter (GNM). It was, however, necessary to show a...
GUIDANCE
In this article, we break down key terms around visibility into simple bitesize definitions.
Visibility
What a person can identify within a spatial area.
Sensory field
The spatial perimeter of what can be sensed by a person.
...GUIDANCE
The following table sets out key health and safety duties across four jurisdictions within the UK&I region: England and Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland.
England & Wales and Scotland abbreviations
- HSWA 1974 – Health and Sa ...
Research on interventions has received considerably less attention than on the mechanics of how a lifeguard detects a drowning casualty. Despite the low number of studies, those conducted have shown potential benefits whi...
What is the 10:20 protection standard?
The 10:20 protection standard, sometimes called a principle or system, is a lifeguard training aid that helps lifeguards understand the importance of promptly identifying and rea...
This article considers the mechanism by which lifeguards scan and detect drowning incidents.
How do lifeguards search for drowning incidents?
Two studies that measured eye movements (Page et al., 2011a; Lanagan-Leitze...
How reliable are visual search studies?
Visual search studies need to be read with a degree of caution. Early work exploring the visual limitations in lifeguarding (Lanagan-Leitzel, 2012; Lanagan-Leitzel and Moore, 2010)...
We have summarised what a lifeguard is in another of our articles, which you can refresh your knowledge of here.
How do I determine the number of lifeguards I need?
Once you have established that you need to prov...
